Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Academic Journal of Surgery 2423-3218 7 4 2025 01 04 95 100 Hamidreza Movahedi Student of Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Lena Nazemi Department of General Surgery, Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farzad Dehghani Department of General Surgery, Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saina Ghadyani Department of General Surgery, Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2023 08 15 Background: Hernia repair is one of the most common procedures in general surgery, which is performed by various methods. One of the consequences of hernia repair is the recurrence of hernia in the short or long term. In this study, the rate of hernia recurrence in surgical patients with mesh and non-mesh repair methods was investigated. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 138 patients who underwent repair surgery with mesh (28 individuals) and without mesh (110 individuals) due to hernia in Hamadan Ba’ath Hospital in 2019 and 2014. The authors investigated and compared in terms of frequency of recurrence and complications. Part of the required data was obtained from the patient’s medical records and part was obtained through telephone calls. Data analysis was done with SPSS software version 26. Results: The average age of the patients was 41.2±26.25 years, 88.4% were male and 11.6% were female. The frequency of hernia recurrence was 3.6% in total, all of which were in the non-mesh repair group. No significant difference was observed between hernia repair with and without mesh in terms of frequency of recurrence (P=0.583) and complications (P=0.964). Also, no significant relationship was observed between hernia recurrence with gender, age, smoking, employment status, and body mass index (P>0.05). Conclusions: Hernia repair with both methods with and without meshing have a relatively favorable short-term outcome. Although meshing reduces hernia recurrence; However, there was no significant difference between the two methods of hernia repair with and without meshing in terms of recurrence and complications. https://ajs.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ajs/article/view/239