Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Academic Journal of Surgery 2423-3218 7 4 2025 01 04 119 136 Manouchehr Nasrollahzadeh Saravi Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences graduate, Tehran, Iran Mahdi Mohseni Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences graduate, Tehran, Iran Masoumeh Majidi Zolbin Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Iman Menbari Oskouie Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2024 09 29 Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of endometrial lesions outside the uterus. Current treatment methods primarily focus on hormone-based therapy or invasive procedures. However, given the crucial role of the immune system in disease initiation and progression, there is an opportunity to explore new treatment approaches. Bispecific antibodies, which bind two different cells using their bivalent arms, have shown promise in treating cancers and autoimmune diseases. This study postulates that due to the similarities in pathogenesis between endometriosis and the aforementioned diseases, a novel therapeutic method based on this new target could be introduced. This could potentially lead to a reduction in limitations to patients' quality of life. In addition, it is important to highlight that future studies should prioritize the identification of specific binding markers on endometrial cells. This could contribute to the development of new diagnostic tools for the disease. Furthermore, the production of bispecific antibodies that selectively bind to these receptors on immune cells may prove effective in improving immune response. https://ajs.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ajs/article/view/280